The bla_OXA-48–like genes encode class D oxacillinases (carbapenemases) that hydrolyze penicillins and carbapenems (often weakly) but may not raise obvious resistance levels without potentiating factors. These enzymes have since spread globally and are now seen in U.S. Enterobacteriaceae. Detecting any bla_OXA-48–like (including OXA-28, -48, -58) indicates an emerging carbapenemase threat: patients harboring these organisms often require non-β-lactam therapy and enhanced infection control to prevent outbreaks (Logan & Weinstein 2017, Tzouvelekis et al. 2012).
Tzouvelekis, L. S., Markogiannakis, A., Psichogiou, M., Tassios, P. T., & Daikos, G. L. (2012). Carbapenemases in Klebsiella pneumoniae and other Enterobacteriaceae: an evolving crisis of global dimensions. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 25(4), 682–707.
